Arguments for the Existence of the Soul, Part III

Lecture Description

Professor Kagan discusses in detail the argument of free will as proof for the existence of an immaterial soul. The argument consists of three premises: 1) We have free will. 2) Nothing subject to determinism has free will. 3) All purely physical systems are subject to determinism. The conclusion drawn from this is that humans are not a purely physical system; but Professor Kagan explains why this argument is not truly compelling. In addition, near-death experiences and the Cartesian argument are discussed at length.

Course Description

There is one thing I can be sure of: I am going to die. But what am I to make of that fact? This course will examine a number of issues that arise once we begin to reflect on our mortality. The possibility that death may not actually be the end is considered. Are we, in some sense, immortal? Would immortality be desirable? Also a clearer notion of what it is to die is examined. What does it mean to say that a person has died? What kind of fact is that? And, finally, different attitudes to death are evaluated. Is death an evil? How? Why? Is suicide morally permissible? Is it rational? How should the knowledge that I am going to die affect the way I live my life?

Related Resources

Lecture Transcript, Handouts, and Reading Assignment

Course Index

1. Philosophy of Death
2. The Nature of Persons: Dualism vs. Physicalism
3. Arguments for the Existence of the Soul, Part I
4. Introduction to Plato's Phaedo; Arguments for the Existence of the Soul, Part II
5. Arguments for the Existence of the Soul, Part III
6. Arguments for the Existence of the Soul, Part IV; Plato, Part I
7. Plato, Part II: Arguments for the Immortality of the Soul
8. Plato, Part III: Arguments for the Immortality of the Soul (cont.)
9. Plato, Part IV: Arguments for the Immortality of the Soul (cont.)
10. Personal Identity, Part I: Identity Across Space and Time and the Soul Theory
11. Personal Identity, Part II: The Body Theory and the Personality Theory
12. Personal Identity, Part III: Objections to the Personality Theory
13. Personal identity, Part IV; What matters?
14. What Matters (cont.); The Nature of Death, Part I
15. The Nature of Death (cont.); Believing You Will Die
16. Dying Alone; The Badness of Death, Part I
17. The Badness of Death, Part II: The Deprivation Account
18. The Badness of Death, Part III; Immortality, Part I
19. Immortality Part II; The Value of Life, Part I
20. The Value of Life, Part II; Other Bad Aspects of Death, Part I
21. Other Bad Aspects of Death, Part II
22. Fear of Death
23. How to Live Given the Certainty of Death
24. Suicide, Part I: The Rationality of Suicide
25. Suicide, Part II: Deciding Under Uncertainty
26. Suicide, Part III: The Morality of Suicide and Course Conclusion