Chemical Processes
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The art of balancing equations in chemistry!
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Baseband detection and complex Gaussian processes
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Professor Sylvia Ceyer discusses bond enthalpy and the enthalpy of endothermic/exothermic chemical reactions. The heat of formation is defined as Professor Ceyer explains Hess's Law which is used to predict the enthalpy change and conservation of energy, regardless of the path through which it is to be determined. The lecture concludes with a discussion of thermodynamics and spontaneous chance, specifically Gibbs free energy and the...more
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After discussing the classic determination of the heat of atomization of graphite by Chupka and Inghram, the values of bond dissociation energies, and the utility of average bond energies, the lecture focuses on understanding equilibrium and rate processes through statistical mechanics. The Boltzmann factor favors minimal energy in order to provide the largest number of different arrangements of "bits" of energy. The slippery concept of...more
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Professor Sylvia Ceyer discusses the nature of chemical equilibrium as it relates to free energy, the reaction quotient, and the relationship between K and Q. The meaning of K is further clarified and the external effects on K are identified, from adding and removing reagents to changes associated with the Principle of Le Chatelier.
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Professor Sylvia Ceyer continues her discussion on chemical equilibrium and external effects such as a change in volume, adding inert gas, and a change in temperature. Parameters are set for maximizing the yield of a reaction, and the Principle of Le Chatelier's is returned to. Hemoglobin is used as an example involved in a series of equilibrium reactions in response to oxygen pressure.
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Professor McBride begins by using previous examples of "pathological" bonding and the BH3 molecule to illustrate how a chemist's use of localized bonds, vacant atomic orbitals, and unshared pairs to understand molecules compares with views based on the molecule's own total electron density or on computational molecular orbitals. This lecture then focuses on understanding reactivity in terms of the overlap of singly-occupied molecular...more
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