developed and developing countries
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Andy Friere, Co-founder and CEO of Axialent, describes the people-first culture archetype, one of the five basic cultural archetypes into which organizations fall: 1) Achievement, 2) Innovation, 3) One team, 4) People-first or 5) Customer-focused. Specifically, Friere suggests that people-first cultures are focused on building and developing organizational members above other potential activities. Friere describes the behaviors, symbols an...more
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By 1950, in most of the underdeveloped world, mortality had fallen to about half its pre-modern rate. The birth rate, however, had remained high and, by 1950, was about twice the death rate. For the rest of the century, both rates fell dramatically and in parallel, maintaining the gap. The enormous excess of births over deaths in this period is known as 'the population explosion.' By 1990, the world population was growing at almost 90 mill...more
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European populations grew only slowly during the period 1200-1700; factors include disease and wars. Human feces and rotting animal remains were not sequestered and often contaminated drinking water. Cities were so filthy that more people died in them than were born. About a third of children died in infancy, many from abandonment and lack of care during wet-nursing. Children that survived were subjected to harsh discipline to control thei...more
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October 26, 2007 lecture by Paul Tang for the Stanford University Human-Computer Interaction Seminar. Even more fragmented than American health care is the management of health care information. Faced with a barrage of poorly organized health information, physicians and other clinicians must sift through uninspired displays to glean pearls of information necessary to make clinical decisions. New tools for information gathering from patient...more
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Half a century before direct experimental observation became possible, most structures of organic molecules were assigned by inspired guessing based on plausibility. But Wilhelm Körner developed a strictly logical system for proving the structure of benzene and its derivatives based on isomer counting and chemical transformation. His proof that the six hydrogen positions in benzene are equivalent is the outstanding example of this chemical...more
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Byers reveals how Kleiner Perkins develops close working relationships with its teams by following the 'We are all in this together' attitude.
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In this lecture, Professor Diamond continues her discussion of the liver before moving on to the pancreas and hematology. She first describes how the liver is composed of cells called hepatocytes organized into lobules with triads, which each contain a branch of the hepatic artery, a branch of the hepatic portal vein, and a bile duct. She then reviews the functions of the liver, including supporting digestion through bile production, dev...more
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Several reasons can be found to explain why Great Britain and the Netherlands did not follow the other major European powers of the seventeenth century in adopting absolutist rule. Chief among these were the presence of a relatively large middle class, with a vested interest in preserving independence from centralized authority, and national traditions of resistance dating from the English Civil War and the Dutch war for independence from ...more
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1) Population in China: Until recently, Chinese families did not much alter their fertility depending on life events such as deaths of children. However, under government prodding and eventually coercion, fertility dropped drastically in China in the 1970s, but to counteract momentum, the One-Child Policy started in 1979-80. 2) Population Growth and Economic Development: In Asia, rapid fertility drops have preceded economic booms by approx...more
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Over time, economists' justifications for why free markets are a good thing have changed. In the first few classes, we saw how under some conditions, the competitive allocation maximizes the sum of agents' utilities. When it was found that this property didn't hold generally, the idea of Pareto efficiency was developed. This class reviews two proofs that equilibrium is Pareto efficient, looking at the arguments of economists Edgeworth and ...more
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