Sovereign State
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Part 1 - The Good Citizen: Aristotle believes the purpose of politics is to promote and cultivate the virtue of its citizens. The telos or goal of the state and political community is the “good life”. And those citizens who contribute most to the purpose of the community are the ones who should be most rewarded. But how do we know the purpose of a community or a practice? Aristotle’s theory of justice leads to a contemporary debate about...more
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The class's examination of Nozick's minimal state has raised a number of important questions, most of which are rooted in his troublesome model of compensation. Nozick would respond with his threefold account of justice: (1) justice in acquisition, (2) justice in transfer, and (3) rectification of past injustices. Nozick brilliantly demonstrates that "liberty upsets patterns"--even though we can originally start off with any just...more
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Heap Management - How Information about Allocations are Stored in the Heap
Stanford / Computer Science
Heap Management - How Information about Allocations are Stored in the Heap, Result of Freeing Memory Improperly, Actual Sizes of Heap Allocations - Nearest Power of 2, Management of Free Blocks on the Heap by Storing Addresses in the Blocks of Free Memory, Algorithms for Choosing Which Free Block to Allocate, How the Heap's Free List Can Be Updated When Memory is Freed, How Adjacent Free Blocks Are Combined To Avoid Fragmentation,...more
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Generic Lsearch - Prototype, Comparison Function, Implementation, Casting Void*S to Char*S to Compute Byte Offsets, Client Use of Generic Lsearch, Example of a Comparison Function for Integers, More Complicated Data Types and Lsearch- Example Using C-Strings, Comparison Function for Two C-Strings, With Arguments that Represent Char**S, Comparison Functions Where the Key is a Different Type than the Second Argument, Using a Pointer to a...more
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This lecture opens with a discussion of the myriad moments at which historians have declared an "end" to Reconstruction, before shifting to the myth and reality of "Carpetbag rule" in the Reconstruction South. Popularized by Lost Cause apologists and biased historians, this myth suggests that the southern governments of the Reconstruction era were dominated by unscrupulous and criminal Yankees who relied on the ignorant black vote to rob...more
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Professor Freeman concludes the discussion of the Declaration of Independence. The Declaration was widely circulated and read aloud throughout the colonies. Professor Freeman argues that by 1775-1776, British and American citizens were operating under different assumptions about how the conflict between them could be resolved. The American colonists began to organize themselves for defensive measures against an aggressive British state....more
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The sanitary movement was an approach to public health first developed in England in the 1830s and '40s. With increasing industrialization and urbanization, the removal of filth from towns and cities became a major focus in the struggle against infectious diseases. As pioneered by Edwin Chadwick, the sanitary movement also embraced an explicit political objective, according to which urban cleansing took on a figurative as well as a...more
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Part 1 - This Land is My Land: The philosopher John Locke believes that individuals have certain rights—to life, liberty, and property—which were given to us as human beings in the “the state of nature,” a time before government and laws were created. According to Locke, our natural rights are governed by the law of nature, known by reason, which says that we can neither give them up nor take them away from anyone else. Part 2 -...more
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The nineteenth century witnessed an unprecedented degree of urbanization, an increase in urban population growth relative to population growth generally. One of the chief consequences of this growth was class segregation, as the bourgeoisie and upper classes were forced to inhabit the same confined space as workers. Significantly, this had opposed effects in Europe, where the working classes typically inhabit the periphery of cities, and...more
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Professor Blight begins this lecture with an attempt to answer the question "why did the South secede in 1861?" Blight offers five possible answers to this question: preservation of slavery, "the fear thesis," southern nationalism, the "agrarian thesis," and the "honor thesis." After laying out the roots of secession, Blight focuses on the historical profession, suggesting some of the ways in which historians have attempted to explain the...more
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We previously established that the reality of scarcity invalidates Marx's core idea of superabundance, and mortally wounds his theory. Certainly, his historical predictions about worker-led socialist revolutions around the world were off-mark. Today, Professor Shapiro presents more of the shortcomings of the Marxian tradition. These include Marx's failure to account for the ability of the state to buttress capitalism and stave off the...more
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Stochastic Model Predictive Control, Causal State-Feedback Control, Stochastic Finite Horizon Control, 'Solution' Via Dynamic Programming, Independent Process Noise, Linear Quadratic Stochastic Control, Certainty Equivalent Model Predictive Control, Stochastic MPC: Sample Trajectory, Cost Histogram, Simple Lower Bound For Quadratic Stochastic Control, Branch And Bound Methods, Methods For Nonconvex Optimization Problems, Branch And Bound...more
